Neurology · United States · In-Market

US Alzheimer's Disease Payer & HTA

Why CMS's coverage-with-evidence-development registry, not IRA negotiation, is the anti-amyloid access gate, plus ICER's below-value verdict and Part B routing.

CMS CED registry = access gatePart B administered biologicsICER — priced above valueUpdated Q3 2025
Market United States Stage
The Landscape

CMS's coverage-with-evidence-development registry, not IRA negotiation, is the gate on anti-amyloid access, and ICER has priced lecanemab far below its list.

Lecanemab (Leqembi) and donanemab (Kisunla) are administered anti-amyloid biologics and route to Medicare Part B. Since April 2022, CMS's National Coverage Determination (NCD 200.3) covers this drug class only under Coverage with Evidence Development (CED): following traditional FDA approval, Medicare pays for the drug for patients with MCI due to AD or mild AD dementia and confirmed amyloid pathology, but only when the prescribing clinician participates in a CMS-approved nationwide registry that collects real-world cognitive and safety data. This registry requirement, not price, is the defining structural gate on access, and it constrains which sites and physicians can treat. Amyloid confirmation (historically PET, with Medicare coverage long limited to once per lifetime, plus CSF and now blood-based testing) and mandatory serial-MRI ARIA monitoring compound the site-infrastructure barrier.

Unlike the mature specialty classes CMS has begun to negotiate, the anti-amyloid agents are shielded from Inflation Reduction Act price negotiation simply by recency: biologics are exempt for roughly the first 11–13 years after approval, and lecanemab (2023) and donanemab (2024) appear on none of the published CMS selected-drug lists (IPAY 2026, 2027, or 2028). No negotiated-price reset is available to payers in this window. On value, ICER's final evidence report (April 2023) concluded its appraisal committee was not convinced lecanemab's benefits are adequately demonstrated, and found the $26,500 annual list price above cost-effectiveness thresholds — ICER's health-benefit price benchmark was $8,900–$21,500 per year. ICER had reached a harsher verdict on aducanumab in 2021 (benchmark $3,000–$8,400 vs a $56,000 list); Biogen discontinued that agent in 2024. Donanemab's flexible-duration dosing, under which treatment can stop once amyloid is cleared, partially offsets its higher ~$32,000 annual list.

CED registry
CMS covers anti-amyloid mAbs under Part B only via a coverage-with-evidence-development registry (NCD 200.3)
Not selected
Lecanemab and donanemab on no CMS IRA selected-drug list (IPAY 2026–2028) — too newly approved to negotiate
$8.9–21.5K
ICER value benchmark for lecanemab vs its $26,500 list price · ICER final report, April 2023
PAYER LANDSCAPE

US anti-amyloid agent payer & coverage status — 2025

Drug (Brand / INN)Benefit RoutingCMS Coverage BasisIRA StatusICER AssessmentAnnual WAC
Leqembi (lecanemab)Medicare Part B (IV)NCD 200.3 — Coverage with Evidence Development; registry + amyloid confirmation requiredNot selected (IPAY 2026–2028); too newly approved (2023)Apr 2023: committee unconvinced of net benefit; list above value ($8.9K–$21.5K benchmark)$26,500
Kisunla (donanemab)Medicare Part B (IV)NCD 200.3 — CED registry + amyloid confirmation requiredNot selected (IPAY 2026–2028); approved 2024Reviewed within ICER's AD assessment; not separately price-benchmarked~$32,000 (flexible duration; ~$12,522 per 6-month course)
Aduhelm (aducanumab)Medicare Part B (IV) — historicalNCD 200.3 — CED (originally limited to trials)n/a — discontinued2021: evidence insufficient for net benefit; benchmark $3,000–$8,400 vs $56,000 listDiscontinued by Biogen, 2024

Sources: CMS NCD 200.3 (Monoclonal Antibodies Directed Against Amyloid for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease) and CMS Coverage with Evidence Development registry documentation; CMS Medicare Drug Price Negotiation Program selected-drug lists (IPAY 2026–2028); ICER Final Evidence Report on lecanemab (April 2023) and aducanumab (2021); Eisai (Leqembi WAC) and Eli Lilly (Kisunla WAC) list-price announcements; Biogen Aduhelm discontinuation notice (2024).

Commercial Questions

What this assessment answers

Every section answers a named commercial question your team is asking, scoped to your asset.

01
How does CMS's coverage-with-evidence-development requirement (NCD 200.3) define which patients, physicians, and sites can access lecanemab and donanemab under Medicare Part B?

Delivers

  • NCD 200.3 CED registry mechanics
  • MCI/mild-dementia plus amyloid-confirmation eligibility
  • registry data-collection obligations
  • amyloid PET coverage limits and ARIA MRI monitoring as site gates
02
Why are lecanemab and donanemab shielded from IRA price negotiation, and what does the absence of a negotiated reset mean for launch and payer economics?

Delivers

  • IRA biologic exemption window
  • confirmation both agents are absent from CMS selected-drug lists (IPAY 2026–2028)
  • implications for price stability and commercial payer leverage
03
How does ICER value anti-amyloid therapy, and how do WAC and Part B economics compare across lecanemab, donanemab, and withdrawn aducanumab?

Delivers

  • ICER lecanemab April 2023 verdict and $8,900–$21,500 benchmark
  • ICER aducanumab 2021 assessment
  • Leqembi $26,500 vs Kisunla ~$32,000 WAC and flexible-duration dosing
  • Part B reimbursement dynamics

Custom assessment delivered in 72 hours.

Commission This Assessment
Contents

What's inside

Neurology · 24–32 pp · In-Market · Analyst report + Excel model + PowerPoint readout

1 US Payer Architecture for Anti-Amyloid Therapy 4 pp
  • Why lecanemab and donanemab, as administered biologics, route to Medicare Part B rather than Part D
  • How the registry requirement under NCD 200.3, not price, is the defining structural gate on access
2 CMS NCD 200.3 & Coverage with Evidence Development 6 pp
  • The CED mechanism: Medicare pays only when the prescribing clinician participates in a CMS-approved nationwide registry collecting real-world cognitive and safety data
  • How mandatory amyloid confirmation and serial-MRI ARIA monitoring compound the site-infrastructure barrier alongside the registry
3 IRA & Why Anti-Amyloid Agents Are Not Yet Negotiable 4 pp
  • Why the roughly 11-13 year biologic exemption window keeps lecanemab (2023) and donanemab (2024) off IRA negotiation lists
  • Confirmation that both agents appear on no CMS selected-drug list through IPAY 2026, 2027, or 2028
4 ICER Assessments — Lecanemab (2023) & Aducanumab (2021) 5 pp
  • ICER's April 2023 verdict that lecanemab's benefits were not adequately demonstrated, with its $26,500 list price above the $8,900-$21,500 value benchmark
  • ICER's harsher 2021 finding on aducanumab ($3,000-$8,400 benchmark vs a $56,000 list), ahead of Biogen's 2024 discontinuation
5 Pricing, WAC & Part B Reimbursement Economics 4 pp
  • Leqembi's $26,500 versus Kisunla's ~$32,000 annual list price, and how donanemab's flexible-duration dosing partially offsets its higher cost
  • How both agents' Part B routing shapes reimbursement economics differently from a self-administered Part D drug
6 Site Infrastructure, PET Coverage & ARIA Monitoring Costs 3 pp
  • Medicare's historical once-per-lifetime limit on amyloid PET coverage as a diagnostic-capacity constraint
  • The mandatory serial-MRI ARIA monitoring protocol that adds ongoing site-infrastructure cost to anti-amyloid therapy
Appendix and source ledger included · 45-minute analyst readout included with delivery
Formats

Included with every brief

PDF
PDF Brief
Alzheimer's Disease Payer & HTA Assessment — US Complete Edition
20–25 page payer brief: CMS Part B coverage-with-evidence-development, IRA exposure, ICER assessments, WAC and Part B economics, and site-infrastructure access barriers.
XLS
Excel Model
Payer Coverage Grid — Excel
Agent-by-agent benefit routing, CMS coverage basis, IRA status, ICER assessment, and WAC for US anti-amyloid agents in editable Excel format.
PPT
PowerPoint
Executive Readout — PowerPoint
12–15 slide readout deck for commercial team presentations, formatted to AXLRx design standards.
Methodology

How AXLRx builds this assessment

Prepared by MoatRx analysts.

Alzheimer's payer and HTA analysis is built from CMS coverage documentation, ICER evidence reports, Medicare payment policy, and manufacturer list-price disclosures. Every payer and pricing claim carries a source citation; nothing is modeled or inferred.

Key sources: CMS NCD 200.3 and the CMS Coverage with Evidence Development registry for anti-amyloid monoclonal antibodies; CMS Medicare Drug Price Negotiation Program selected-drug lists (IPAY 2026, 2027, 2028); ICER Final Evidence Report on lecanemab (April 2023) and aducanumab (2021); Eisai and Eli Lilly WAC announcements; Biogen Aduhelm discontinuation (2024).

  • CMS Part B coverage-with-evidence-development requirement verified against CMS NCD 200.3 and CMS registry documentation
  • Absence of lecanemab and donanemab from IRA negotiation verified against CMS selected-drug lists (IPAY 2026, 2027, 2028)
  • ICER lecanemab verdict and $8,900–$21,500 benchmark verified against ICER final evidence report, April 2023
  • Leqembi ($26,500) and Kisunla (~$32,000) annual WAC verified against manufacturer list-price announcements
FAQ

Frequently asked questions

Coverage
How does Medicare cover lecanemab and donanemab?
Both are administered anti-amyloid biologics reimbursed under Medicare Part B. CMS's National Coverage Determination (NCD 200.3) covers the class only under Coverage with Evidence Development: the patient must have MCI due to AD or mild AD dementia with confirmed amyloid pathology, and the prescribing clinician must participate in a CMS-approved nationwide registry that collects real-world cognitive and safety data. Serial-MRI ARIA monitoring is also required. The registry and site requirements, not price, are the primary access gate.
Pricing
Are Alzheimer's anti-amyloid drugs subject to IRA Medicare price negotiation?
Not yet. Under the Inflation Reduction Act, biologics are exempt from selection for roughly the first 11–13 years after approval. Lecanemab (2023) and donanemab (2024) are far too new and appear on none of the published CMS selected-drug lists (IPAY 2026, 2027, or 2028). Separately, ICER's April 2023 report placed lecanemab's value-based benchmark ($8,900–$21,500/yr) below its $26,500 list price — a value gap that shapes payer posture even without a negotiated reset.
Sources
What sources does AXLRx use, and how are findings verified?
AXLRx builds from primary sources only — regulatory databases (FDA, MHRA, SFDA), peer-reviewed journals (NEJM, Blood, JAMA), live payer coverage policy documents, and HTA body publications (NICE, ICER, MOH). No secondary summaries or market research reports. Every factual claim is independently verified before inclusion. Source citations are provided for all key data points in the delivered assessment.
Get Started

Commission this assessment

AXLRx US Alzheimer's Disease Payer & HTA is built for market access, HEOR, and pricing teams navigating the CMS coverage-with-evidence-development gate, IRA exposure, ICER positioning, and Part B economics of anti-amyloid therapy. Custom assessment in 72 hours.

1
Submit your request

Specify indication, payer focus (CMS CED, IRA, ICER, PA criteria), and commercial question.

2
Scoping call

AXLRx analyst confirms payer scope, coverage and pricing analysis, and delivery format.

3
Delivery

Research-verified assessment in 72 hours with optional analyst readout.